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When it comes to pumping fluids in various industries, two common types of pumps are often used - centrifugal pumps and reciprocating pumps. Both types have their own set of advantages and disadvantages, making them suitable for different applications. In this article, we will delve into the basic differences between centrifugal and reciprocating pumps based on various categories.
When we talk about pumps first definition that comes to mind is that it delivers water or other liquid from one place to another place. A pump is a device that is used for lifting the liquid from the ground surface and delivering it to the topmost upper surface. The pump converts mechanical energy into hydraulic
Positive Displacement Pumps Diagram
Positive displacement pumps are a type of pump that moves fluid by trapping a fixed amount of it and then forcing it into a discharge pipe. Reciprocating pumps fall under this category, as they use a piston or plunger to create a reciprocating motion that pushes the fluid through the pump. On the other hand, centrifugal pumps operate by using centrifugal force to move the fluid through the pump.
Centrifugal Pump vs Reciprocating Pump
One of the key differences between centrifugal and reciprocating pumps lies in their operating principles. Centrifugal pumps rely on the rotation of an impeller to impart kinetic energy to the fluid, which is then converted into pressure. Reciprocating pumps, on the other hand, use a piston or plunger to create a back-and-forth motion that pushes the fluid through the pump.
Indicator Diagram of Reciprocating Pump
The indicator diagram of a reciprocating pump is a graphical representation of the pressure changes that occur within the pump during each cycle of operation. It shows the pressure variations in the suction and discharge chambers as the piston or plunger moves back and forth.
Single Acting Reciprocating Pump Working
In a single-acting reciprocating pump, the piston or plunger moves in only one direction, either pushing the fluid out of the pump or drawing it into the pump. This type of pump is simpler in design compared to double-acting reciprocating pumps, which have pistons that move in both directions.
Characteristic Curve of Reciprocating Pump
The characteristic curve of a reciprocating pump shows the relationship between the flow rate and the head generated by the pump. It typically exhibits a steep rise in head as the flow rate increases, indicating the positive displacement nature of reciprocating pumps.
Characteristics of Reciprocating Pump
Reciprocating pumps are known for their high efficiency and ability to generate high pressures. They are suitable for applications that require a constant flow rate and pressure, such as in hydraulic systems or high-pressure cleaning equipment.
API 675 vs 674
API 675 and API 674 are standards set by the American Petroleum Institute (API) for reciprocating pumps used in the oil and gas industry. API 675 covers metering pumps, while API 674 pertains to reciprocating pumps for general service.
Reciprocating Pump Calculation
It is a positive displacement type pump where a certain volume of liquid is entered in closed volume and discharged using pressure to the
10. Effect of Solids on Pump Performance 231 p H TJ -^^^^" •^^\ ^'^\ Flow rate Legend: Water viscosity Higher viscosity Figure 10.2. Effect of fluid viscosity on pump characteristics .
basic difference between centrifugal and reciprocating pump|characteristic curve of reciprocating pump